Field of study: Defectology (by the type of activity)

Science / module code

YFVG54MBK

Training year

202 4 -202 5

Semester

5

Credits

4

Science / module type

Mandatory

Education language

Uzbek

Weekly lesson hours

4

1.

Name of science

Audience training ( hour )

Independent education

( hour )

Total load

(hour)

Age physiology and hygiene

48

72

120

2.

I. Science content

The subject of "Youth Physiology and Hygiene" studies the structure of young organisms, the functions of organs, the structure, growth, and development of body organs and organ systems. It consists of teaching about cells and tissues, bones and their structure, connections, muscles, respiration, digestion, excretion, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the vascular system, and other systems.

The goal of teaching the subject is to teach students the theoretical foundations of knowledge in the subject of youth physiology and hygiene, basic concepts, the structure and development of the body of a young organism, the phylogenesis of the system, and the interconnected functions of organs and organ systems.

Science task – theoretical knowledge, practical skills, understanding the content and essence of the body structure of young organisms, and age-specific developmental characteristics .

2. Home theoretical part ( report )​ ( training )​

2nd semester

1. 1. 1. Subject. Introduction. Subject of the science of age physiology and hygiene,

tasks and importance .

The relationship of age physiology and hygiene with disciplines such as pedagogy and psychology . The importance of age physiology and hygiene in the educational process and in strengthening and preserving the health of students . The role of age physiology and hygiene science in raising a healthy and harmonious generation, a fully mature individual.

General laws of growth and development in children and adolescents . Acceleration , its occurrence, causes, consequences and impact on social life. Heterochromia, its essence, causes, mechanisms. The integrity of the organism and homeostasis.

Topic 2. Structure, functions and age-related characteristics of the nervous system . Higher nervous activity and its age-related characteristics .

General structure and functions of the nervous system. Basic physiological properties of the nervous system. Central and peripheral nervous systems. The brain and spinal cord and their connections with peripheral organs. Structure and functions of the hindbrain , structure and functions of the cerebrum. Parts of the cerebrum (medulla oblongata, intermedius, and midbrain, pons, cerebellum).

Structure and functions of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, their structure and functions.

higher nervous activity . Specific features of higher nervous activity in humans.

Topic 3. Structure , functions and

characteristics . Hygiene of analyzers

General concept of analyzers . General characteristics and operating principles of analyzers. General similarities and differences of analyzers.

the visual analyzer , functions of the eye. Distance and near vision. Vision hygiene. Specific features of the visual analyzer in children.

Topic 4 .  Structure , functions and

characteristics . Hygiene of analyzers

General concept of analyzers . General characteristics and operating principles of analyzers. General similarities and differences of analyzers.

the visual analyzer , functions of the eye. Distance and near vision. Vision hygiene. Specific features of the visual analyzer in children.

5- topic : Structure , functions and

age - related characteristics .

General understanding of endocrine glands. Structure, function and age-related characteristics of endocrine glands .

of the pituitary, pineal, thyroid and parathyroid glands , hormones. Thyroid gland, stomach Structure, functions, hormones of the pituitary and adrenal glands. Gonads and their structure, functions, age-specific characteristics. Hormones of the gonads and their mechanisms of action.

Topic 6. Structure, functions and functions of endocrine glands

age - related characteristics .

General understanding of endocrine glands. Structure, function and age-related characteristics of endocrine glands .

of the pituitary, pineal, thyroid and parathyroid glands , hormones. Thyroid gland, stomach Structure, functions, hormones of the pituitary and adrenal glands. Gonads and their structure, functions, age-specific characteristics. Hormones of the gonads and their mechanisms of action.

7 - Topic : Age -related characteristics of the musculoskeletal system .

General understanding of the musculoskeletal system. Development and age-related characteristics of the musculoskeletal system . The main functions and importance of the musculoskeletal system.

The human skeleton and its structure. The skeleton and its parts. Age-specific characteristics of the skeleton of the head, torso, legs and arms . Bones and their composition, hardness and strength of bones. Concept of inorganic and organic substances in the composition of bones.

Topic 8. Age -related characteristics of the musculoskeletal system .

General understanding of the musculoskeletal system. Development and age-related characteristics of the musculoskeletal system . The main functions and importance of the musculoskeletal system.

The human skeleton and its structure. The skeleton and its parts. Age-specific characteristics of the skeleton of the head, torso, legs and arms . Bones and their composition, hardness and strength of bones. Concept of inorganic and organic substances in the composition of bones.

Topic 9 . Age - related characteristics of the digestive system .​​

of substances and energy. Food hygiene .

General understanding of the digestive organs. General functions and specific characteristics of the digestive organs.

Structure , functions and age - specific characteristics of the mouth , pharynx , esophagus , stomach , small intestine, large intestine . Structure and functions of the liver, gallbladder , bile ducts , pancreas.

Topic 10. Age - related characteristics of the blood and circulatory organs .

General concept of the internal environment . The internal environment of the organism , blood , lymph, intracellular and intercellular fluids , their changes in the external environment , physical labor and diseases . The constant maintenance of the internal environment of the organism - homeostasis . Disturbances in the constancy of the internal environment of the organism and their causes. Measures to maintain stable homeostasis.

Topic 11 . Age -related characteristics of the respiratory system .

General description of the respiratory organs. Structure and functions of the respiratory organs. Structure and function of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea , bronchi , bronchioles , alveoli , and age - specific characteristics . Lungs , pleural membranes , pleural cavity and their structure.

Topic 12 . Age - related characteristics of the excretory organs .

 Structure, functions, and age-related characteristics of the excretory organs . Excretory function of the kidneys, skin, lungs, and digestive organs.

Structure and function of the urinary organs. Age-related characteristics of the kidneys , bladder, and urinary tract .

2nd semester. Practical training for recommendation attainable topics

1. Hygienic assessment of natural and artificial lighting in the classroom .

2. Hygienic assessment of various equipment in the classroom.

3. Determining the speed of active attention and mental processing ability in students .

4. Identifying types of higher nervous activity in students.

5. Students' day hygienic assessment of the procedure

6. Creating lesson plans and hygienic assessment

7. Determining and assessing the physical development indicators of students

8. Students ' hygienic assessment of eating habits

9. Studying the effects of physical activity on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

10. The shooters​ study of health groups

11. View sharpness to determine .

12. Short term hearing memory size to determine .

3. Practical training according to instruction and recommendations .

Practical exercises​​ in the auditorium one academic to the group one professor - teacher​​ conducted by​​ necessary . Exercises​​ active and interactive methods using the ,​​ suitable accordingly worthy pedagogical and information technologies application​​ to the goal according to .

IV . Independent education​​ for recommendation attainable topics :

1. educate the younger generation and protect their health
2. Functions and characteristics of the autonomic nervous system
3. Nervous system function in children disorders (neuroses) and their prevention.
4. Features of the formation of higher nervous activity in children.
5. Hygiene of the organs of vision and hearing in children .
6. Diseases of the endocrine glands in children and their prevention.
7. The role of endocrine glands in growth and development.
8. Stature disorders in children and their prevention.
9. Vitamins and their importance for a growing organism

10. Age characteristics of the cardiovascular system.

11. Methods of hardening and hardening a young organism

12. Respiratory system diseases in children and their prevention

Independent adaptable topics according to students by abstracts preparation and him/her presentation to do recommendation is being done .